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酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��


brothers�察�my dear brothers�察�we¨re being poisoned�察�we¨re rotting�察�dying�察�we¨re 
exhausting ourselves as we live�察�we¨ve sunk up to our necks in misery´Some 
nights�察�I dream that he emerges from the well and es after me�察�but I know 
we¨ve  buried  him  deeply  beneath  plenty  of  earth。  He  couldn¨t  possibly  rise 
from the grave。 
The  gentleman�察 �who  I  thought  had  buried  his  nose  in  his  soup  and 
forgotten the whole world�察�opened the door to a conversation。 Was this a sign 
from  Allah�拭  �Yes�察院 �I  answered�察  �they¨ve  ground  the  meat  to  the  right 
consistency�察�my stuffed cabbage is quite to my liking。 ̄ I asked about him�此�He¨d 
recently graduated from a miserable twenty´coin college and been taken into 
Arifi  Pasha¨s  patronage  as  a  clerk。  I  didn¨t  ask  him  why�察 �at  this  hour  of  the 
night�察�he wasn¨t at the Pasha¨s estate�察�at the mosque or at home in the arms of 
his  beloved  wife�察 �but  chose  instead  to  be  at  this  street  kitchen  teeming  with 
unmarried thugs。 He asked me where I¨d e from and who I was。 I thought 
for a moment。 
^My  name  is  Bihzad。  I¨ve  e  from  Herat  and  Tabriz。  I¨ve  painted  the 
most  magnificent  pictures�察 �the  most  incredible  masterpieces。  In  Persia  and 
Arabia�察 �in  every  Muslim  book  arts  workshop  where  illustrations  are  made�察�
they¨ve  said  this  about  me  for  hundreds  of  years�此 �It  looks  real�察 �just  like  the 
work of Bihzad。 ̄ 
Of course�察�this isn¨t the issue。 My paintings reveal what the mind�察�not the 
eye�察�sees。 But painting�察�as you know quite well�察�is a feast for the eyes。 If you 
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bine    these    two    thoughts�察   �my    world    will    emerge。    That    is�此�
 
ALIF�此�
Painting brings to life what the mind sees�察�as a feast for the eyes。 
LAM�此         �What the eye sees in the world enters the painting to the degree 
that it serves the mind。 
MIM�此�
Consequently�察�beauty is the eye discovering in our world what 
the mind already knows。 
Did the graduate of the miserable college understand this logic�察�which I¨d 
extracted  with  lightning  inspiration  from  the  depths  of  my  soul�拭 �Not  at  all。 
Why�拭 �Because�察 �though  you¨ve  spent  three  years  seated  at  the  foot  of  a  hoja 
who  gives  lessons  in  an  out´of´the´way  neighborhood  religious  school  for 
twenty silver coins a day!today you can buy twenty loaves of bread with that 
amount!you  still  wouldn¨t  know  who  the  hell  Bihzad  was。  It  was  obvious 
that  the  twenty´coin  Hoja  Effendi  didn¨t  know  who  Bihzad  was  either。  All 
right then�察�let me explain。 I said�此�
^I¨ve painted everything�察�absolutely everything�此�Our Prophet at the mosque 
before the green prayer niche seated together with his four caliphs�察�in another 
book�察 �the  Apostle  and  Prophet  of  God  ascending  the  seven  heavens  on  the 
night of the Ascension�察�Alexander on his way to China banging on the drum of 
a seaside temple to scare off a monster stirring up the ocean with storms�察�a 
masturbating sultan spying on the beauties of his harem swimming naked in 
his  pool  while  listening  to  a  lute�察 �a  young  wrestler  sure  of  victory  after 
learning  all  his  mentor¨s  moves�察 �only  to  be  defeated  in  the  presence  of  the 
Sultan  at  the  hands  of  his  mentor  who  had  yet  one  last  trick  up  his  sleeve�察�
Leyla  and  Mejnun  as  children  kneeling  in  a  schoolroom  with  exquisitely 
decorated walls�察�falling in love while reciting the Glorious Koran�察�the inability 
of lovers�察�from the most embarrassed to the most crass�察�to look at each other�察�
the stone by stone construction of palaces�察�the punishment by torture of the 
guilty�察�the flight of eagles�察�playful rabbits�察�treacherous tigers�察�cypress and plane 
trees  that  held  magpies�察 �Death�察 �peting  poets�察 �feasts  to  memorate 
victory�察�and men like you who see nothing but the soup before them。 ̄ 
The reserved clerk was no longer afraid�察�he even found me entertaining and 
was smiling。 
^Your Hoja Effendi must¨ve had you read this�察�you¨ll know it�察院�I continued。 
^There¨s  a  story  I  love  from  Sadi¨s  Garden。  You  know  the  one�察 �King  Darius 
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bees  separated  from  the  crowd  during  a  hunt  and  goes  off  to  roam  the 
hills。 Unexpectedly�察�a dangerous´looking stranger with a goatee appears before 
him。  The  king  falls  into  a  panic  and  reaches  for  the  bow  on  his  horse�察�
whereupon the man begs�察 �My king�察�hold off from shooting your arrow。 How 
is  it  that  you  haven¨t  recognized  me�拭 �Am  I  not  the  loyal  groom  to  whom 
you¨ve entrusted a hundred horses and foals�拭�How many times have we seen 
each  other�拭 �I  know  each  of  your  hundred  horses  by  temperament  and 
disposition�察�nay�察�by color even。 So then�察�how is it you pay no attention to us�察�
the  servants  under  your  mand�察 �even  those  like  myself  whom  you 
encounter with such frequency�拭亜院�
When I depict this scene�察�I render the black�察�chestnut and white horses!so 
tenderly  cared  for  by  the  groom  in  a  heavenly  green  pasture  covered  with 
flowers  of  every  imaginable  color!with  such  happiness  and  calm  that  even 
the dullest of readers would understand the moral of Sadi¨s story�此�The beauty 
and mystery of this world only emerges through affection�察�attention�察�interest 
and passion�察�if you want to live in that paradise where happy mares and 
stallions live�察�open your eyes wide and actually see this world by attending to 
its colors�察�details and irony。 
This  progeny  of  the  twenty´coin  hoja  was  at  once  entertained  and 
frightened by me。 He wanted to drop his spoon and flee�察�but I didn¨t give him 
the chance。 
^This is how the master of masters Bihzad depicted the king�察�his groom and 
the horses in that picture�察院�I said。 ^For a hundred years miniaturists haven¨t 
stopped   imitating   those   horses。   Each   horse   rendered   out   of   Bihzad¨s 
imagination and heart has bee a model of form。 Hundreds of miniaturists�察�
including myself�察�can draw those horses from memory。 Have you ever seen a 
picture of a horse�拭院�
^I once saw a winged horse in an enchanting book that a great teacher�察�a 
scholar of scholars�察�had presented to my late hoja。 ̄ 
I didn¨t know whether I should push the head of this clown into his soup�察�
who�察�along with his teacher�察�had taken Strange Creatures seriously�察�and drown 
him or leave him to describe in glowing terms the only horse picture he¨d ever 
seen in his life!in who knows how poor a manuscript copy。 I came up with a 
third  alternative�察 �and  that  was  to  drop  my  spoon  and  quit  the  shop。  After 
walking for a long while I entered the abandoned dervish lodge�察�where I was 
overe with a sense of peace。 I tidied up and without doing anything else�察�I 
listened to the silence。 
307 
 
Later�察�I removed the mirror from where I kept it hidden and set it upon the 
low worktable。 Next�察�I placed the two´page illustration and the drawing board 
on  my  lap。  When  I  could  see  my  face  in  the  mirror  from  where  I  sat�察 �I 
attempted to draw my portrait in charcoal。 I drew for a long time�察�patiently。 
Much later�察�when I saw that once again the face on the page didn¨t resemble 
my  face  in  the  mirror�察 �I  was  filled  with  such  misery  that  tears  welled  in  my 
eyes。 How did the Veian painters that Enishte described with such flourish 
do it�拭�I then imagined myself to be one of them�察�thinking that if I illustrated in 
that state of mind�察�I could perhaps make a convincing self´portrait。 
Later still�察�I cursed the European painters and Enishte both�察�erased what I¨d 
done and began looking into the mirror anew to begin another drawing。 
Ultimately�察 �I  found  myself  wandering  the  streets  again�察 �and  then�察 �here�察 �at 
this despicable coffeehouse。 I wasn¨t even sure how I happened to e here。 
As I entered�察�I felt such embarrassment about mingling with these miserable 
miniaturists and calligraphers that sweat accumulated on my forehead。 
I  sensed  that  they  were  watching  me�察 �alerting  each  other  of  my  presence 
with their elbows�察�and laughing!all right�察�I could plainly see them doing it。 I 
seated myself in the corner�察�trying to behave naturally。 At the same time my 
eyes sought the other masters�察�my dear brethren with whom�察�at one time�察�I¨d 
served  as  Master  Osman¨s  apprentice。  I  was  certain  each  of  them  was  also 
asked  to  draw  a  horse  this  evening  and  that  they¨d  each  expended  great 
desperate efforts�察�taking the contest arranged by these idiots quite seriously。 
The  storyteller  effendi  hadn¨t  yet  begun  his  performance。  The  picture 
hadn¨t even been hung up yet。 I was forced to socialize with the coffeehouse 
crowd。 
So  be  it  then�察 �let  me  be  frank  with  you�此 �Like  everyone  else  I�察 �too�察 �made 
jokes�察 �told  indecent  stories�察 �kissed  my  panions  on  the  cheeks  with 
exaggerated  gestures�察 �spoke  in  double  entendres�察 �innuendos  and  puns�察 �asked 
how  the  young  assistant  masters  were  doing�察 �and  like  everybody  else�察�
mercilessly needled our mon enemies�察�and after I really warmed up�察�I went 
so far as to roughhouse and kiss men on the neck。 Yet�察�knowing that a part of 
my  soul  remained  mercilessly  silent  when  I  involved  myself  in  such  behavior 
caused me unbearable torment。 
Noheless�察�before long�察�I not only succeeded in using figurative language 
to pare my own cock�察�and those of others that were much´talked about�察�to 
brushes�察 �reeds�察 �coffeehouse  pillars�察 �flutes�察 �newel  posts�察 �door  knockers�察 �leeks�察�
minarets�察�lady fingers in heavy syrup�察�pine trees�察�and twice�察�to the world itself�察�
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I was equally successful in paring the asses of much´discussed pretty boys 
to  oranges�察 �figs�察 �small  haycocklike  pastries�察 �pillows  and  also  to  tiny  anthills。 
Meanwhile�察 �the  most  conceited  of  the  calligraphers  my  age  was  only  able  to 
pare his oateurishly and without any self´confidence I 
might  add!to  a  ship¨s  mast  and  a  porter¨s  pole。  Furthermore�察 �I  made 
allusions  to  old  miniaturists¨  dicks  that  would  no  longer  rise�察 �the  cherry´
colored  lips  of  new  apprentices�察 �master  calligraphers  who  hoarded  their 
money ��as did I�� in a certain place �─�the most disgusting nook ̄���察�how perhaps 
opium had been put into the wine I was drinking instead of rose petals�察�the 
last  great  masters  of  Tabriz  and  Shiraz�察 �the  mixing  of  coffee  and  wine  in 
Aleppo�察�and the calligraphers and beautiful boys to be found there。 
At times it seemed that one of the two spirits within me had�察�in the end�察�
emerged  victorious�察 �leaving  the  other  behind�察 �and  that  I¨d  finally  forgotten 
that  silent  and  loveless  aspect  of  myself。  At  these  times  I  remembered  the 
holiday  celebrations  of  my  childhood  during  which  I  was  able  to  be  myself 
along with my kith and kin。 Despite all these jokes�察�kisses and embraces�察�there 
was still a silence within me that left me suffering and isolated in the heart of 
the crowd。 
Who  had  endowed  me  with  this  silent  and  merciless  spirit!it  was  not  a 
spirit but a jinn!which always chided me and cut me off from others�拭�Satan�拭�
But  the  silence  within  me  was  eased�察 �not  by  the  crass  mischief  instigated  by 
Satan�察 �on  the  contrary�察 �by  the  most  pure  and  simple  stories  that  drove  into 
one¨s  soul。  Under  the  influence  of  wine�察 �I  told  two  stories�察 �hoping  that  this 
would  grant  me  peace。  A  tall�察 �pale�察 �yet  pinkish´plected  calligrapher¨s 
apprentice focused his green eyes onto mine and was listening to me with rapt 
attention。 
 
Two Stories on Blindness and Style 
the Miniaturist Told to Ease the Loneliness in His Soul 
 
ALIF 
Contrary to what is assumed�察�making drawings of horses by looking at actual 
horses wasn¨t a discovery of European masters。 The original idea belonged to 
the  great  master  Jemalettin  of  Kazvin。  After  Tall  Hasan�察 �the  Khan  of  the 
Whitesheep�察�conquered Kazvin�察�the old master Jemalettin was not content to 
simply join the book´arts workshop of the victorious khan�察�instead he headed 
out on campaign with him�察�claiming that he wanted to embellish the khan¨s 
309 
 
History with scenes of war he¨d witnessed himself。 So this great master�察�who 
for  sixty´two  years  had  made  pictures  of  horses�察 �cavalry  charges  and  battles 
without ever having seen a battle�察�went to war for the first time。 But before he 
could even see the thunderous and violent clash of sweating horses�察�he lost his 
hands and his eyesight to enemy cannon´fire。 The old master�察�like all genuine 
virtuosos�察 �had  in  any  case  been  awaiting  blindness  as  though  it  were  Allah¨s 
blessing�察�and neither did he treat the loss of his hands as a great deficiency。 He 
maintained that the memory of a miniaturist was located not in the hand�察�as 
some insisted�察�but in the intellect and the heart�察�and furthermore�察�now that he 
was blind�察�he declared that he could see the true pictures�察�scenery and essential 
and  flawless  horses  that  Allah  manded  be  seen。  To  share  these  wonders 
with  lovers  of  art�察 �he  hired  a  tall�察 �pale´skinned�察 �pink´plected�察 �green´eyed 
calligrapher¨s  apprentice  to  whom  he  dictated  exactly  how  to  draw  the 
marvelous  horses  that  appeared  to  him  in  God¨s  divine  darkness!as  he 
would¨ve drawn them had he been able to hold a brush in his hands。 After the 
master¨s death�察�his account of how to draw 303 horses beginning from the left 
foreleg  was  collected  by  the  handsome  calligrapher¨s  apprentice  into  three 
volumes respectively entitled The Depiction of Horses�察�The Flow of Horses and The 
Love of Horses�察�which were quite widely liked and sought after for a time in the 
regions where the Whitesheep ruled。 Though they appeared in a variety of new 
editions  and  copies�察 �were  memorized  by  illustrators�察 �apprentices  and  their 
students  and  were  used  as  practice  books�察 �after  Tall  Hasan¨s  Whitesheep 
nation was obliterated and the Herat style of illustration overtook all of Persia�察�
Jemalettin  and  his  manuscripts  were  forgotten。  Doubtless�察 �the  logic  behind 
Kemalettin R��za of Herat¨s violent criticism of these three volumes in his book 
The Blindman¨s Horses�察�and his conclusion that they ought to be burned�察�had 
figured in this turn of events。 Kemalettin R��za claimed that none of the horses 
described  by  Jemalettin  of  Kazvin  in  his  three  volumes  could  be  a  horse  of 
God¨s vision!because none of them were ^immaculate�察院�since the old master 
had  described  them  after  he¨d  witnessed  an  actual  battle  scene�察 �no  matter 
how  briefly。  Since  the  treasures  of  Tall  Hasan  of  the  Whitesheep  had  been 
plundered  by  Sultan  Mehmet  the  Conqueror  and  brought  to  Istanbul�察 �it 
should  e  as  no  surprise  that  occasionally  certain  of  these  303  stories 
appear in other manuscripts in Istanbul and even that some horses are drawn 
as instructed therein。 
 
   
310 
 
LAM 
In  Herat  and  Shiraz�察 �when  a  master  miniaturist  nearing  the  end  of  his  days 
卦指朕村 貧匯匈 和匯匈 指欺競何 壘��1�� 家��2��
酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何!
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